The Physics of Vision
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Parts of the Eye
Before looking at how vision works, lets look the main parts of the eye and their functions.

Cornea- spherical surface at the front of the eye which refracts light as it enters the eye.

Aqueous humor- jelly-like fluid in front of the lens

Vitreous humor- jelly-like fluid behind the lens

Pupil- a small hole behind the cornea that regulates the amount of light entering eye.

Iris- a colored ring around the pupil that controls the pupil's size.

Lens- the crystalline lens behind the the pupil that refracts light to focus an image.

Ciliary muscles- eye muscles that control the shape of the lens.

Retina- tissue at the back of the eye that detects light

Optic nerve- transmits the image from the retina to the brain.