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Electrostatic
speakers are different from dynamic speakers, the
speakers we've been currently discussing, in the
fact that instead of moving the diaphragm via a
magnetic field, they work by high-voltage electric
fields. Often they are called capacitor speakers
because they work very similarly to capacitors.
Capacitor's work by being charged on two plates
and then separated by an insulator, by doing so
they are able to store electric charge.
Electrostatic speakers work by changing the charge
on the plates, which moves the diaphragm in
between them, which vibrates the air and creates
audible sound. Although they have excellent sound
quality, the drawbacks are what causes these
speakers to be very rare and odd to see in the
real world. They use enormous amounts of voltage
which causes them to be very expensive, and unless
they are very big to allow the diaphragm to move
more, they won't produce very low frequencies. |
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Image 11 |
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Another type of
speaker is the moving-iron speaker, the first type
of speaker ever invented. Instead of moving the
voice coil like the dynamic speaker, it works by
having a stationary voice coil and then having a
moveable magnet that's able to vibrate the
diaphragm. These are even less efficient than
dynamic |
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Image 12 |
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A ribbon speaker
uses a piece of metal in a magnetic field, and
moves when an electrical signal is applied to it.
Because it is small, it accelerates more, making
it good for high frequencies. The magnets required
often need to be very strong, thus these are
costly as they often require transformers to
increase the current. |
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Image 13 |