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Parts of a Speaker

Speaker parts and their functions

  1. Diaphragm: Moves back and forth allowing the air in the surroundings to move; creating sound.
  2. Dust Cap: Protects the Voice Coil(#9) from dust, keep these out of the reach of children as these are just asking to be pushed in.
  3. Surround: A lining that connects the basket with the diaphragm.
  4. Basket: A metal frame which holds the speaker together, which in turn is held by the speaker case.
  5. Spider: A type of suspension that keeps tension on the voice coil but allowing it to move, acts similar to the struts on a car that reduce unnecessary vibration.
  6. Magnet: Often a rare earth neodymium.
  7. Bottom Plate: Holds the pole piece and magnet
  8. Pole Piece: Directs the voice coil magnetic field
  9. Voice Coil: Moves the diaphragm via magnetic field created by current in the wire.
  10. Former: Material in which coil is wrapped around.
  11. Top plate: Typically made of iron.
  12. Cables: The wires that connect to the voice coil from whatever the input source is.


Putting all the pieces together

In a dynamic speaker, electrical signals from an external source are brought to the speaker through speaker wire which coil around the voice coil. This current as you may know creates an electromagnet thus creating a magnetic field. This voice coil is then connected to the diaphragm, a flexible material often times made of paper or plastic, which is in turn connected to the metal outer basket frame. Depending on the orientation of the permanent magnet, the voice coil will be either repelled or drawn closer to the magnet pulling or pushing the diaphragm with it, thus vibrating the air into a noise that we can perceive with our ears.


pieces of a speaker
gif of moving
                              speaker parts
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parts of a speaker
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