Hammer:

In this scenario you are using a sledge hammer. The hammer is not given an extra velocity and uses gravity to gain its kinetic energy. To calculate the velocity of the hammer at the end of its swing we will use the conservation of mechanical energy the equations used can be found at hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu and in Physics For Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach by Randall D. Knight. The potential energy that the hammer has at the top of your "swing" is equal to the kinetic energy at the bottom of your swing.

Photo Courtesy of Savanah Owen