Newton revolutionized science and mathmatics. In Newtons books "Opticks", "De Motu" and "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" he enlightened the world with theories of light, color, calculus, mechanics, gravity, and planetary motion. Of all his achievements likely the most venerated (and applicable to this class) are his three laws of motion. 

1st Law of Motion (also known as Law of Inertia)

Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.

2nd Law of Motion (F=ma)

The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.

3rd Law of Motion

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.