Introduction
Dynamics
Examples
Observations
Summary
References


References

Bjerknes, J., 1969: Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific.  Mon. Wea. Rev., 97, 163-172.

Charney, C.G., 1963: A Note on large-scale motions in the tropics.  J. Atmos. Sci., 20, 607-609.

Gill, Adrian E., 1982: Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics: The Tropics. Academic Press, 466-482.

Hastenrath, S., 2000:  Interannual and longer term variability of upper-air circulation over the tropical Atlantic and west Africa in boreal summer.  Int. J. Climatol., 20, 1415-1430.

Kalney, E. and Coauthors, 1996:  The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis 40-year project.  Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.

Krishnamurti, T. N., 1971:  Tropical east-west circulations during the northern summer. 
J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1342-1347.

Philander, S. G., 1990:  The Southern Oscillation: Variability of the Tropical Atmosphere.  El Nino, La Nina, and the Southern Oscillation.  Academic, 9-56.

Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron, 2000:  The global monsoon as seen through the divergent atmospheric circulation. J. Climate, 13, 3969-3993.

Wang, C., 2002:  Atmospheric circulation cells associated with the El Nino – Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 15, 399-419.

Yano, J. I., W. W. Grabowski and M. W. Moncrieff, 2002:  Mean-state convective circulations over large-scale tropical SST gradients.  J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1578-1592.



Introduction
Dynamics
Examples
Observations
Summary
References