Viscous Interaction

Due to the difference in flow in the magnetopause boundary. This flow difference produces shear on the magnetopause boundary and produces the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. During the vortex roll up, the magnetic field and the flows become decoupled, and the magnetic field can reverses direction severaltimes while plasma flows are vortical.



magnetopause boundaryKH simulation







Kelvin-Helmholtz and associated intermittent reconnection allows                             Hybrid simulation of the kelvin-Helmholtz instability                       
field lines to thread the magnetopause boundary. This viscous rec-                               at Saturn's magnetopause boundary showing the
onnection drives two way transport process of the momentum thr-                              magnitude of in-plane magnetic field. The streamlines
ough the boundary (Burkholder et. al., 2017).                                                               with arrows show the plasma flows. Magnetic filaments
                                                                                                                                       form at the edges of the vortex, and numerous magnetic island
                                                                                                                                       are formed through local reconnection (Delamere et. al., 2011).




















                                                    Figure(bottom) left is the topological structure of the magnetic field lines forming high latitude
                                                    reconnection sites (Ma. et. al., 2015). The figure bottom(right) (Ma et. al., 2019) is the sketch of
                                                   local flux tube interchange. Panel (a) shows the initial condition, while panel (b) illustrates that
                                                   the twist of the magnetic field lines due to a localized interchange instability can generate a pair of
                                                   high-latitude reconnection sites. Panel (c) shows eventually the double-reconnection process
                                                  exchanges part of a magnetic flux tube, which transports plasma radially outward without
                                                  significant ionospheric convection.


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