An aircraft's propeller is a relatively simple method by which to generate thrust - in much the same manner as a boat's propeller, it turns, and in doing so, pushes enough air to produce thrust! Yet despite being an economical and simple option, especially for slower aircraft, there are many side effects as a result of using a propeller. These effects all cause changes in an aircraft's handling in various regimes of flight, and can even be dangerous if not properly considered. Four factors which will be covered are Torque, P-Factor, Spiraling Slipstream, and Gyroscopic Precession. All together, these effects are dubbed 'left turning tendencies.'
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