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When a guitar is strummed, the strings begin to vibrate in simple harmonic motion.
The vibrational energy of the strings is dissipated in the form of sound waves.
The strings of the guitar vary in linear density, length, and tension giving the guitar
a wide range of attainable frequencies. The resonance frequencies of
each string can be calculated by
T = string tension
= linear density
L = string length
The string length, L in the equation is what changes when a player presses on a
string at a certain fret. This will shorten the string which in turn increases the
frequency produced when plucked.