How to Bend the Ball: Reverse
Magnus Effect
Many soccer players are incredibly
picky about what kind of ball they prefer to play
with. For example, the official ball of the 2010
World Cup held in South Africa was highly disliked
by many players. The Jabulani, the name of the ball
used at this specific World Cup, was made unlike any
other ball before it. This ball was much smoother
than any other ball that the players had ever played
with. At first glance, it seems like this wouldn't
make much of a difference, but after looking at the
physics of it, the smoother a ball is, the less
predictable it's flight pattern will be. This is all
based upon the reverse Magnus Effect.
source:
https://twitter.com/jabulaaaani
The problem with
this specific ball, was that it was so smooth,
that it didn't act like a normal soccer ball
would while it was in air. When struck with a
normal side spin that would cause a normal,
rougher, soccer ball to bend in one direction,
the Jabulani would bend in unexpected ways.
Given a perfectly smooth ball, it can actually
bend in the opposite direction!
Dr. J.W.M. Bush of MIT says that the cause of
this reversing of the Magnus Effect is the
roughness of the surface of the ball. Bush
comments that when an almost perfectly smooth
ball (like a beach ball) and a regular soccer
ball are struck, the two have opposite
directions of curve. Bush writes:
"When the ball is spinning, one expects the drag
crisis to be crossed first on the retreating
side, where the velocity difference between ball
and free stream is minimum. There would thus
arise a situation in which the boundary layer is
turbulent on the advancing side, and laminar on
the retreating side. The resulting delay of
boundary layer separation on the advancing side
would lead to an asymmetric wake, with air in
the wake being deflected in the direction of the
retreating side, giving rise to the reverse
Magnus effect, and a lift force opposite that
expected" (Bush 184).
source:
http://www.fierceinc.com/blog/fierce-conversations/participate-in-a-beach-ball-conversation
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source:
http://www.globalsources.com/gsol/I/Soccer-ball/p/sm/1049026720.htm#1049026720
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A beach ball
is so smooth, that it can produce a
reversal of the Magnus effect.
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A normal
soccer ball, will only demonstrate the
normal Magnus effect.
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