It was in 1921 when C.V. Raman was returning from London aboard the SS Narkunda when his restless mind became fascinated with the deep blue color of the Mediterranean Sea. He was unable to accept Rayleigh's theory that the color of the sea is the mere reflection of the sky. Aboard the ship, Raman had carried with him some simple optical equipment, including a pocket- sized spectroscope and a prism. He used these to examine the water and became convinced that water molecules could scatter light just as air molecules could. He sent a letter to Nature as soon as he got to port in Bombay. In a later period of time Raman was able to show conclusively that the color of the sea was the result of the scattering of sunlight by the water molecules; which happened to be the same argument Rayleigh had presented. This is how Raman became keenly interested in the physics behind the scattering of light. His group in Calcutta began an extensive series of measurements of light scattered primarily by liquids but also by some solids. As a result, Raman was able to explain the blue color observed in the ice of Alpine glaciers.
C.V.Raman & The Raman Effect