Example Problem from Text
Energy and the Environment
Power Plants are around 80% efficient
Problem:
                Calculate the flow rate needed to produce 1 kW of power(in l/sec). The vertical distance is 90m .
 Assume an efficiency of 80% by the power plant. the flow rate 1kg/sec.

Problem Explained:
The flow rate refers to the amount of water flow in liters/second .
The vertical distance of 90m means that the water falls from 90m high.
The efficiency of 80% means that only 80% of the possible energy stored in the water can be successfully converted.

How to solve this problem
use this

power= energy = mgh
                      time        sec     

m=mass
g=gravitational pull on Earth
= 9.8m/sec^2
h=height
90m
This means that power is energy over time. This is equal to the potential energy, mgh/sec.

Calculations

1kg/sec X  9.8m/sec^2 X 90m
=881kg m^2/sec^3
or
881 j/sec =881 W, because j/sec is equivalent to Watts.

This number then must be multiplied by .8 because the power plant has an efficiency of 80%.
881 X .8 = 705 W
then

Please note: 1kW=1000W

1000W/705W/(l/sec)
=1.42liter/sec


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