Vibrations

Vibrations are oscillations that occur around an equilibrium point.
They can be periodic or completely random depending on the body
that is vibrating. In the case of woodwind instruments, the vibrations
are caused by blowing on the lip plates or reeds of the instruments.
When blown on lip plates, the air clashes against itself creating the
vibrations. When using a reed, the air vibrates along with the reed.
Those vibrations travel down along the air column producing sound.
Vibrations are considered physical evidence of waves.

Wavelength

The wavelength is the distance between successive crests or troughs
of waves, crests being in an arc shape, and troughs being in a bowl shape.






The equation for wavelength is lambda (the wavelength) is equal to the
speed of light divided by the frequency of the wave. The SI unit for
wavelength is meters (m).

Frequency

The frequency is how often the waves oscillate in a system. In music, they
determine the pitch of the instruments. Higher frequencies cause higher
pitches and lower frequencies cause lower pitches. All instruments have
built-in natural frequencies. For example, a piccolo will never sound as low
as a tuba, no matter how you blow into it and no matter how you alter its
air column.

                                                    f=1/T

The equation for frequency is one over the period of the wave. The SI unit
for frequency is Hertz (Hz) or one vibration per second.

Amplitude

Amplitude is the maximum distance moved from something that vibrates.
In a graph for a wave, it is the farthest y-coordinate that the wave reaches.

                                                    A=d/f

The equation for the amplitude is the displacement divided by the  frequency.
The SI unit for the amplitude is meters (m).