Geophysical flows in the outer core Flows driven by convection of heat and light constituents from the solidification at the inner core boundary and by viscous forces from the superrotating inner core. Electrical currents within these flows generate magnetic fields which in turn impact the electrical charges and the angular velocity of the inner core. Taylor columns form as the entire system is rotating with earth's ambient rotation. Together, the differential zonal flows from the superrotating inner core and the Taylor columns generate the magnetic field we see at the surface of the planet.  Superrotation The inner core is rotating 1-3 degrees per year faster than the mantle. This is referred to as superrotation of the inner core. This superrotation drives fluid flows and electric currents in the outer core which generates a magnetic field. A three dimensional image of the magnetic field of earth's core. Helical magnetic field in inner core. Orange are magnetic field lines in the inner core and blue are in the outer core. Figure credit: [2].                                                                         Both (A) parts are of meridian plane and both (B) parts are of the zonal plane. The magnetic contours in (A) run counter-clockwise. Figure credit: [2]. Convection currents “Convection is driven by thermal and compositional buoyancy sources that develop at the inner core boundary as the Earth cools and iron solidifies onto the inner core.” [5] Click here in full figure and caption from [5]. Taylor columns Weak Taylor column structure is evident at low latitudes (near horizontal line through the middle). Click here for full figure and caption from [6]. And thus the geodynamo is generated! image source: https://www.abc.net.au/science/basics/img/earth_spins.jpg