What is the Big Bang Theory?
The Big Bang Theory is one explanation of how the
Universe may have been created. It's believed that at
one point, all of the energy in the Universe today was
trapped inside an infinitesimally small volume. This
little ball of energy exploded, becoming known as the
Big Bang, which created our Universe. No
one is really sure when this would have
happened, but there is some evidence saying it
could have happened anytime between 11 and 18
billion years ago.
NASA says that "If we were to look at the Universe on
second after the Big Bang, what we would see is a
10-billion degree sea of neutrons, protons, electrons,
anti-electrons, photons, and neutrinos" (NASA). The
Universe cooled over time until it reached a
temperature where electrons would be able to pair up
with nuclei to form neutral atoms. The Big Bang was
said to give an afterglow, known today as the Comic
Background Radiation, which can still be seen today.
https://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/bb_cosmo_fluct.html
http://umich.edu/~gs265/bigbang.htm