Shear Alfven Waves
in the Laboratory and in Space
by
C. A. Kletzing
University of Iowa
ABSTRACT
Shear Alfven waves are thought to play a significant role in several regions
of near-Earth space including the plasma sheet, magnetopause, and auroral zone.
The interesting physics occurs when the waves have narrow perpendicular structure
relative to either the plasma skin depth or the ion acoustic gyro radius. In
either of these cases (called the inertial and kinetic cases, respectively)
particle kinetic effects become important and modify the wave physics such that
the usual MHD description of the shear Alfven wave is no longer valid. For the
auroral case, it is shown that these effects lead to component of parallel electric
field which can accelerate electrons and produce time-dispersed electron signatures
similar to those seen on sounding rockets and satellites. Interestingly, although
the dispersion relation for these waves has been derived by several authors,
direct experimental measurements to verify the dispersion relation have been
few. To recitify this situation, a set of laboratory experiments is described
which probe the dispersion relation for perpendicular scales which are of the
order of both of these key parameters. The measured wave dispersion is compared
with both fluid and fully kinetic dispersion relations, which shows that although
the fluid dispersion relation shows the essential character
of the dispersion relation, for good agreement the kinetic dispersion relation
with finite frequency corrections is required.