Example: Magnitude of forces
The table below shows the magnitude of some forces
- as multiples of the force of gravity FG - for the M80 bullet
(7.62 x 51 Nato) at standard air density (r
= 1.25 kg/m3).
M80 bullet |
7.62 x 51 Nato
|
Mass [g] |
9.45
|
Calibre [mm] |
7.82
|
Force
|
Ma = 2.5
|
Ma = 0.6
|
Coriolis
FC/FG |
0.013
|
0.003
|
Centrifugal
FZ/FG |
0.003
|
0.003
|
Drag
FD/FG |
70.2
|
1.7
|
Lift
FL/FG (d=1°) |
9.4
|
0.4
|
In the table above, the relative magnitude of
the lift force appears to be relatively large. This is due to the fact
that an angle of yaw of 1° has been assumed. If a bullet flies stable and
the transient yaw has been damped out, the maximum yaw however is much
smaller than 1° and consequently the lift force is also much smaller.