introduction

There are three structures can indicate oil reservoir potentials, they are anticline, faults and stratigraphic trap.

Petroleum simply means rock oil which is mainly the compound of hydrogen and carbon. It had been discovered by people long times ago and today it has become the dominant energy resource to keep the world working. First of all to understand this issue is to truly learn the underground condition of oil reservoir. There are four main factors involved in to form a recoverable hydrocarbon formation, sources rock, reservoir rock, trap and cap. Oil expelled from source rocks, which were mainly shale, and transported by gravity or pressure to those rocks having pore space, then those rocks confronted faults or other impermeable barriers to get trapped, finally they were stored and formed a recoverable oil formation.

Two rock properties should be stated here because they are the essential elements to do everything about petroleum issues, they are Porosity and permeability. Porosity defined as the ratio between pore space and rock bulk volume. Higher porosity indicates a great storage potential of a rock. Permeability simply indicates how efficient fluid can pass through those rocks. High porosity sometimes can’t guarantee an optimum prospect. Because those pore spaces are not fully communicated with each other, only when those pores are efficiently connected, then the oil can be recovered from the formation.

Introduction of Petroleum