For
Further Explanation of Current and Voltage
Voltage and electric
current are the two main components that describe electricity.
Nilsson & Riedel's textbook, Electric Circuits,
describes voltage and electric current respectively as "whenever
positive and negative charges are separated, energy is
expended. Voltage is the energy per unit charge created by
the separation...The electrical effects caused by charges in
motion depends on the rate of charge flow. The rate of
charge flow is known as the electric current."
Voltage is defined as V=dw/dp, where
V=the voltage in volts
w=the energy in joules
q=the charge in coulombs
Electric current is defined as I=dq/dt, where
I=the current in amperes
q=the charge in coulombs
t=time in seconds
Much like the basics of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential
energy), electricity is comprised of both the motion of
electrons (electric current) and the potential to due work
(voltage).
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