When throwing the football, the velociy
from the body motion is transfered to the ball. After the ball is
relased into the air, it keeps the same velocity, but there is a
gravity force that is pushing the ball down.
Some people might believe that all the power comes from the arm, but in
fact theres lots of energy's that adds to the final velocity of the
ball. Some energys that are added are, the arm strength, rotation of
the body, and the step when throwing the ball. All these forces
contribute to the force of the football before being relased. The angle
that the ball is thrown can determine how high the ball will go, and
how far the ball will go. Football players don't do all the math in the
head, their body just reacts to it.