Bumpers
photo from http://fogarty.org/tim/images/steve-pipeline.jpg
The Trans-Alaska Pipeline design includes rubber “bumpers” to protect oil pipe punctures during earthquakes.
Picture: http://www.ryanautomall.com/fender_bender.gif
Bumpers are installed at every elevated support system along the pipeline. There are 39,000 bumpers total.
Bumpers are designed to prevent pipe wrinkling or denting when it slides into a vertical support beam during an earthquake.